Martin McGuinness, Sinn Féin’s chief negotiator in the talks that lead to the Good Friday agreement in 1998 and the ultimate establishment of the first durable power-sharing institutions, was born in the Bogside area of Derry City , the second of seven children. In 1965, at the age of 15, he left the Christian Brothers technical college he attended after failing the 11-plus and he was turned down for a job as a car mechanic because he is Catholic becoming a butcher’s assistant instead.
In 1969, he was identified as a capable and strategic operator and quickly appointed second-in-command of the Provisional IRA’s Derry Brigade and in 1972 – McGuinness is 21 when British paratroopers shoot and killed 13 unarmed Catholic Civil Rights demonstrators on Bloody Sunday. The IRA was subsequently asked by the British Government , to start negotiations with them . As rising figures in the republican movement, McGuinness and Gerry Adams are chosen to be part of the delegation
In 1973, he was convicted by the Republic of Ireland’s Special Criminal Court, after being arrested near a car containing 250 pounds of explosives and nearly 5,000 rounds of ammunition. He refused to recognize the court, and was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment. In court, he declared his membership in the Provisional IRA without equivocation: He said ,”We have fought against the killing of our people… I am a member of Óglaigh na hÉireann and very, very proud of it”.
In 1974, he married Bernadette Canning and they had four children, two girls and two boys
In 1993, – he was involved in secret talks with the British government, signaling the republican movement’s desire to end the stalemate and move the situation forward , culminating in the Downing Street declaration
In 1997, he was elected MP for Mid Ulster. Adhering to Sinn Féin’s longstanding policy of abstentionism, McGuinness refused to take his seat in the British House of Commons or to swear an oath of allegiance to a foreign British Queen
In 1999, McGuinness was appointed Education Minister at the North of Ireland assembly
In 2007, he became Deputy First Minister alongside Ian Paisley. The bitter adversaries’ strike up a warm and unlikely friendship, earning them the nickname “the chuckle brothers.
In 2012 , the former IRA man shook the Queen of England ‘s hand during her visit to Belfast. McGuinness greets the Queen of England in the Irish language and tells her that their meeting is a “powerful signal that peace building requires leadership
On 16 September 2011 McGuinness was the Sinn Féin candidate in the 2011 Irish presidential election. In the election held on 27 October, McGuinness placed third in the first preference vote, behind Michael D. Higgins .McGuinness was the only candidate ineligible to vote in the election as, although an Irish citizen, he was resident in the 6 counties , which disqualified him from voting . . Following this, McGuinness formally returned to the role of Deputy First Minister of the North of Ireland on 31 October.
In November 2016, a scandal came to light surrounding the Renewable Heat Incentive, an energy incentive championed by Arlene Foster McGuinness and others in Sinn Féin called for Foster (now First Minister) to step aside to allow for independent inquiries, but Foster refused.McGuinness resigned the following day; in his statements to the press, he said “Today is the right time to call a halt to the DUP’s arrogance”, and said that Foster had a “clear conflict of interest” in the affair .
On 6 March 2017 Martin McGuinness was hospitalized at Derry’s Altnagelvin Area Hospital due to ill health and died on 21 March, at the age of 66.
Former US President Bill Clinton gave the main Oration at the Mass in St Columbas Church and many other foreign dignitaries attended .Derry City came to a standstill as his coffin ,draped in our national flag was carried through the city. Countless thousands came from all over Ireland and lined the streets to pay their last respects to a true Irish Patriot . Martin McGuiness was laid to rest in the Republican Plot of Derry City Cemetery beside his former Comrades.